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Cookie
A cookie is a short fragment of service information that a web server places on user's computer. It is used for data storage, specified for a concrete user and utilized by web-servers for different aims. It it placed after the first entering to a site. On the successive visits to the site cookies are resent on it. A cookie may contain domain and its timelife information. A browser memorizes every cookie and attaches it to a domain, from which it has been accepted.
Cookies are frequently used to rotate the banner ads that a site sends so that it doesn't keep sending the same ad as it sends you a succession of requested pages. They can also be used to customize pages for you based on your browser type or other information you may have provided the Web site. Web users must agree to let cookies be saved for them, but, in general, it helps Web sites to serve users better. Cookies are used for authenticating, tracking, and maintaining specific information about users, for example, site preferences. Most modern browsers allow users to decide if to accept cookies, but rejection makes some websites unusable. For example, shopping baskets implemented using cookies do not work if cookies are rejected.
Cookies are also subject to a number of misconceptions, mostly based on the erroneous notion that they are computer programs. In fact, cookies are only pieces of data unable to execute any operation by themselves. In particular, they are neither spyware nor viruses, despite the detection of cookies from certain sites by many anti-spyware products.